5/km 2 ), and approximately 400 times more abundant than leopards and elephants (?0.05/km 2 ; Table 3). We estimated that 13 elephants, 10–14 leopards (depending on availability estimator), 87–109 chimpanzees (depending on availability estimator), and 3949 Maxwell’s duikers occupied our 200-km 2 study area (Table 3). Estimates for duikers were the most precise (CV = 11%); estimates for chimpanzees were reasonably precise (20% < CV < 30%), and estimates for elephants were potentially too imprecise to be useful (50% < CV < 200%; Table 3). The analytic estimator yielded variances that were larger than those estimated by bootstrapping (except for very rare elephants), and only slightly larger than the variance of the encounter rate calculated from the raw data (Table 3).
- Plus shown is %CVs of come upon rates ( var ^ p dos ) computed on the brutal study, and you may projected populace types (N) that have bootstrap LCLs and you can UCLs.
- † Recognition means abbreviations is actually UHR, unadjusted issues speed; UHN, unadjusted half of-typical.
Spatiotemporal sampling effort and you may accuracy
Increasing the level of sampling cities got a somewhat huge feeling compared to the lifetime of sampling per location (in the weeks) into reliability away from rates off duiker stumble on rates, however, a somewhat big affect the precision regarding chimpanzee come across costs (Dining table 4).